By Abby Goodnough
May 19, 1996
When the State Legislature banned the sale and possession of assault weapons in 1990, thousands of gun owners protested with seething letters and boisterous rallies. The issue has resurfaced this spring in the form of a proposal to allow citizens to carry concealed weapons.
The proposal comes from State Senator Gerald Cardinale, a conservative Bergen County Republican who is a member of the National Rifle Association. Under the current law, New Jersey residents may carry a handgun only if they can convince a Superior Court judge that their safety depends on it. But Mr. Cardinale's proposal would allow people to carry weapons if they pass a background check and take eight hours of training. At least 28 other states have passed similar laws, many in the last few years.
Senator Cardinale, a dentist from Demarest, said his wife gave him the idea for the proposal. She had read several newspaper accounts of carjackings, he said, and wanted to carry a gun in her car.
"I had to disabuse her of the notion that she could get a permit to do that," he said last week as legislative lawyers were reviewing the final draft of his proposal, which he is calling the Crime Reduction Act.
Senator Cardinale is backing up the proposal with statistics from states like Florida, which has allowed residents to carry firearms since 1987. Although violent crime has increased in Florida since then, the number of crimes involving handguns has dropped by 29 percent, according to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Report for 1993. Five percent of Florida residents -- about 300,000 people -- have obtained permits to carry weapons, Mr. Cardinale said.
"Most people aren't going to start carrying guns, but the fact that the prey might be armed gives the criminal pause," he said. "In New Jersey, we have given criminals the monopoly on guns."
Some legislators and law enforcement officials say the Senator's theory does not hold up. Assemblyman Ken Zisa, a Bergen County Democrat who is also the Hackensack police chief, said changing the existing law would encourage criminals to be more violent.
"They will address each potential victim as if they are armed," he said, "and they will react to that with more violent acts."
Mary Warner, a trustee of the Coalition of New Jersey Sportsmen, which claims 600,000 members, said gun owners are rallying because they do not feel safe. The fact that violent crime dropped by 2 percentage points in 1994 has not quelled fears, she said, especially among women and parents.
New Jersey has some of the strictest gun-control laws in the country, most of which have received bipartisan support in recent years. Anyone who wants to buy a firearm must first apply to the local police department for a Firearms Purchaser Identification Card, which involves a background check. Handgun owners must also obtain permits from local or state police, which involves a more rigorous check. To carry a handgun, New Jersey residents must go through a third background check and receive approval from a Superior Court judge, proving that their situation is so dangerous that they cannot leave home without a weapon.
Of the 1,046 New Jersey residents who received permits to carry concealed firearms in 1995, a vast majority were security guards, said John Hagerty, a spokesman for the State Police. Security guards and others who carry guns on the job (except police officers) must also go through a separate permit process and take a training course, he said.
Senator Cardinale said his proposal would be especially beneficial to women and merchants who frequently carry cash to the bank. In an ideal world, nobody would carry guns, he said, but the reality of violent crime makes New Jersey's current gun-control laws unfair. He added that many politicians and members of the news media have spread "erroneous notions" about guns that need to be corrected.
"All the editorial writers are saying this is a crazy idea, but Cardinale is not crazy," he said. "I'm saying the key is putting guns in the hands of honest people versus in the hands of criminals."